(Source: IWS)

According to foreign media reports, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS in Dresden, Germany have developed a new production process that can achieve efficient and environmentally friendly battery production in the future . The researchers applied a dry film to the electrodes of the energy storage battery instead of liquid chemicals. This process saves energy and eliminates toxic solvents. Currently, a company in Finland is testing the new technology.

At present, the demand for better and more economical energy storage production methods is rising. Especially in Germany, all mainstream car manufacturers have launched ambitious plans for electric vehicles, which will also cause the demand for batteries to rise sharply. So far, German companies have been buying batteries from Asia for the following reasons: first, the Asian Technology Group has many years of experience in mass production of batteries; on the other hand, Germany and other places have high electricity prices, so the cost of producing batteries is very high.

No more toxic solvents – lower electricity costs

This is exactly the fact that Frauhofen researchers want to change: "Our dry transfer coating process is designed to significantly reduce the cost of electrode coating processes." Dr. Benjamin Schumm said: "Battery manufacturing The manufacturer no longer needs toxic and expensive solvents, and the dry coating process also saves energy costs. In addition, our technology also promotes the use of electrode materials, such materials are difficult or impossible to use wet chemical processing, but Such materials are necessary to produce higher energy density batteries in the future. "

The pilot plant in Finland is officially put into operation

Finnish battery company BroadBit Batteries is collaborating with IWS to start a pilot plant at its Espoo plant, which uses dry electrode materials instead of wet paste to cover the electrodes. BroadBit is using this process to produce new sodium ion batteries. In the laboratory, IWS can already coat a few meters of electrode foil per minute, demonstrating the potential of this technology to be transformed into a mass production process.

Limitations of wet chemistry

So far, most battery manufacturers have applied coatings to battery electrodes through complex wet chemical processes. First, they will mix the active substance (the role is to release the energy stored in the battery) with additives to make a paste. In this process, the added organic solvents are very expensive and often toxic. Once the paste is coated on the thin metal foil, a more expensive process step begins: the coating film on the metal foil of tens of meters in length is dried and then further processed, and the drying process will be expensive Cost of electricity.

Combine molecules to form a cobweb

On the other hand, the dry transfer coating process technology will not have an ecologically destructive and expensive process step in operation. IWS engineers mix the active material with the binding polymer and process it on a rolling mill called a "calender" This dry mixture. The shear force in this system will tear the entire molecular chain from the binder polymer, and the torn "fiber" will be combined with the electrode particles, just like a spider web, which will make the electrode material stable , And form a flexible dry electrode material layer. Next, the calender directly laminated a 100-micron thick film on aluminum foil to produce battery electrodes.

The road to solid fire batteries

Benjamin Schumm said: "In this way, we can process materials for a new generation of batteries, which may not be processed using traditional processes." For example, energy storage systems that use sulfur as an active material, or use ion-conducting solids instead of easy Solid electrolyte battery burning liquid electrolyte. IWS scientists say that such batteries can store more energy in the same volume as current lithium-ion batteries. However, such solid electrolytes lose their functional characteristics when in contact with solvents. The solvent-free coating process is obviously more suitable for the production of such energy storage media. In the process of processing solid-state battery electrolytes, researchers have reached an important milestone by using dry film technology with a very low binder content.

This process can also replace the traditional paste coating process

At present, engineers are aiming to achieve breakthroughs through cooperation with industrial partners to enhance technology. For example, the researchers are also working with companies such as Saueressig, INDEV, Netzsch Trockenmahltechnik and Broad-Bit Batteries to further develop the dry transfer coating process. Benjamin Schumm said that in the long run, this process has great potential to replace the traditional paste-based electrode production process.

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