Leakage is the main fault in the operation of oil pipelines. During the operation of the oil pipeline, due to corrosion, perforation and other external damage, leakage accidents have occurred from time to time, causing huge economic losses to the oil field. In particular, organized drilling and oil theft activities have severely interfered with normal oil production and also brought major safety risks. Therefore, leak monitoring is not only an important part of the safety production management of oil pipelines, but also an indispensable guarantee to ensure the normal operation of pipelines. Automatic leak detection technology for oil pipelines has been widely used abroad. Legislative pipelines in developed countries such as the United States must adopt effective leak monitoring systems. The research on pipeline leak detection technology in China started late. Tsinghua University, Tianjin University and other units have carried out preliminary research since the mid-1990s, and the actual practical application has been in recent years.

There are two main types of leak detection methods for oil pipelines: direct leak detection methods and indirect methods. The direct method is to use the detection element preset outside the pipeline to directly detect the leakage medium. This method can detect tiny leaks and can locate, but it is required to be installed at the same time as the pipeline during pipeline construction. The indirect method is to infer the occurrence of leaks by detecting changes in pipeline operating parameters. This method is not as sensitive as the direct method and is suitable for detecting larger leaks (generally around 1%). The advantage is that it does not affect production after pipeline construction. Under the circumstances, it can be continuously upgraded.

High-precision pipeline leak monitoring and positioning technology is an integrated technology combining multiple disciplines. The system integrates infrasonic pipeline leak location technology, GIS (Geographic Information Management System) and GPS (Global Satellite Positioning System). It is a comprehensive management platform based on GIS technology, suitable for applications in long distances, multiple pipe sections, and complex conditions. Based on GIS, the system establishes a visual production information management platform to realize the centralized management and sharing of production data, which is suitable for the production operation management and safety management requirements in pipeline management.

The pipeline operation safety management monitoring system with the infrasonic wave as the core is responsible for the monitoring of pipeline abnormal leakage. This system monitors the running status of pipelines in real time, and conducts all-weather monitoring for theft and leakage. This technology has high monitoring sensitivity and positioning accuracy.

The positioning and navigation system with the GPS satellite positioning system as the core can accurately guide the management personnel to quickly enter the accident site. The all-weather technical support can ensure the accuracy and rapid response of field rescue activities. It can maximize the quality and safety factor of on-site command and construction management.

Infrasound technology is a new type of monitoring technology newly introduced in the field of pipeline leak monitoring in China. The principle of using this technology for pipeline leak monitoring is to monitor the infrasound waves generated when the fluid in the pipe breaks through the wall wall. In practice, the Baud The noise is minimally affected by the clutter in the tube, the propagation speed is constant, and the signal can be transmitted to the remote receiving unit very clearly, which creates conditions for accurate positioning. Therefore, the monitoring system combined with this technology can accurately locate the leak location.

The infrasonic pipeline leakage monitor adopts an electro-acoustic transducer with a dynamic response of the primary meter and a range that can be set according to the dynamic change of the conveying pipeline. It receives and generates infrasound waves due to the instantaneous physical disturbance of the medium caused by leakage during the operation of the pipeline. The instrument is installed at the end of the pipeline to capture the time difference (this time difference is timed by GPS) due to the leakage sound wave reaching the sound pipe leakage monitor at the end of the pipeline, thereby calculating the specific location of the leakage point. The system uses a unique electronic map interface as the basic operation interface for data visualization management, provides data services for production management personnel, and provides strong technical support for the promotion and application of computer information management technology. The system can be organically combined with the production database system, data interactive query, to achieve visual management of production data. You can manage various production management data of any station on the management interface, which is convenient for users' daily management and usage habits.

Through practical tests, the high-precision pipeline leak monitoring and alarm positioning system combining the management center platform, infrasonic pipeline leak monitoring and positioning technology and GPS navigation technology will be the best technical solution. The above three parts of the system constitute a complete pipeline safety management system. The intuitive man-machine interface facilitates the operation of the management personnel and the immediate understanding of the information on the location of the leak. The accurate and fast alarm system ensures that the leak is discovered in the shortest time. The GPS navigation system ensures that all relevant departments and units can be Arrived at the scene.