According to the report of the Physicist Organization Network on March 29 (Beijing time), scientists used neutron scattering to conduct research on two-dimensional Fermi liquids for the first time. As a result, they discovered a new type of density wave with very short wavelengths (high temperature super Conductivity results from such density fluctuations). Scientists believe that the same phenomenon may exist in Fermi liquids such as electronics. Therefore, the latest findings are expected to promote the development of high-temperature superconductivity theory and also help scientists understand the composition of metals and neutron stars. The study was published in the "Nature" magazine published on March 28.

Fermi liquids consist of Fermi particles with strong interactions (including quarks, electrons, protons, and neutrons). Fermions are widely found in atomic nuclei, metals, semiconductors, and neutron stars. Fermi liquids are also two types of quantum liquids that scientists use to model and interpret complex interactions between atoms and even subatomic particles (such interactions are governed by quantum mechanics called quantum multiphysics). one.

Fermions also satisfy Pauli's incompatibility principle that more than two fermions cannot appear in the same quantum state, which makes the Fermi subsystem quite complicated. Therefore, although the physics of another kind of quantum liquid composed of bosons such as gluons and photons has been solved by scientists, Fermi liquid has always been an unsolved mystery.

In the latest research, scientists from the CNRS, the Aalto University of Finland, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the State University of New York at Buffalo, and the University of Austria at the University of Austria, Kepler, are scattered by neutrons. A direct observation of a very short-wavelength elemental excitation in a Fermi liquid was performed for the first time. In the study, neutrons were concentrated on a layer of atomic-thickness helium-3. On earth, helium-3 is less common than helium-4 (used in hydrogen balloons and spacecraft), and its behavior is close to absolute zero. Just like Fermi liquid.

Using this scattering technique, scientists observed high-frequency, very short-wavelength, density waves—zero- sonic oscillations. Scientists believe that the discovery of these oscillations in Fermi liquids is very interesting, because if such high-frequency density vibrations are observed in Fermi liquids composed of electrons, this will hopefully greatly benefit the field of HTS.

The research team next planned to investigate the properties of the fermion system and then investigate the electronic fluid.

The leader of the research, Henry Godfrey, an expert on condensed matter physics at the National Institute of Science in France, said: "If the Fermi sub-systems have the same attributes, this will make scientists who are studying electronic systems very excited, and, Our latest findings also show that electronic liquids may possess the same attributes, which is a major discovery in the field of quantum liquids, and will have an important impact on quantum multiphysics, especially helping scientists understand the composition of metals and neutron stars. "(Reporter Liu Xia)

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