Calling caffeine or exacerbating alcoholism

(Reporter Wang Jinyu and Li Shixiang) The reporter learned this morning from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that the FDA has issued a warning letter to four companies because of the “unsafe additives” in coffee in alcoholic beverages. It also stated that further actions may be taken to confiscate its products.

Yesterday, this newspaper disclosed the above information in advance. This morning the FDA announced a warning company name, including United Brands Company Inc, PhusionProjects, Charge Beverage Company and New Century Brewing Company, among which Four Loko and other 7 drinks. Affected.

The FDA said that this action was decided after a scientific investigation. The FDA consulted with relevant experts in toxicology, neuropharmacology, emergency medicine, and epidemiology, and studied the materials provided by the manufacturers of related products. In addition, the FDA established an independent laboratory to analyze this.

Experts said that the FDA does not support the addition of caffeine to alcoholic beverages because of the excitement of caffeine, which has led many people to overestimate their own drinks.

For Four Loko, popular among young people in the United States, its alcohol content is as high as 12%, which is equivalent to the content of 6 cans of beer, but the content of caffeine is also equivalent to 5 cups of coffee. Many people drink it after excessive drinking. I don't think I'm drunk.

The four companies that received the warning letter must take corresponding measures within 15 days. If the company does not take action, FDA will take enforcement measures, including confiscation of its products or issue an injunction to prevent the company from continuing to produce these products until the company's violations have been corrected.

In addition, the latest research results published in the US “Addiction Sex” magazine also found that young people who have mixed alcoholic beverages with functional beverages are 3 times more likely to drink alcohol than alcoholic beverages, and the former are drunk. Man is 4 times as much as the latter.

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A solar inverter or PV inverter, is a type of electrical converter which converts the variable direct current (DC) output of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into a utility frequency alternating current (AC) that can be fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local, off-grid electrical network. It is a critical balance of system (BOS)–component in a photovoltaic system, allowing the use of ordinary AC-powered equipment. Solar power inverters have special functions adapted for use with photovoltaic arrays, including maximum power point tracking and anti-islanding protection.

Solar inverters may be classified into four broad types:

Stand-alone inverters, used in isolated systems where the inverter draws its DC energy from batteries charged by photovoltaic arrays. Many stand-alone inverters also incorporate integral battery chargers to replenish the battery from an AC source, when available. Normally these do not interface in any way with the utility grid, and as such, are not required to have anti-islanding protection.
Grid-tie inverters, which match phase with a utility-supplied sine wave. Grid-tie inverters are designed to shut down automatically upon loss of utility supply, for safety reasons. They do not provide backup power during utility outages.
Battery backup inverters, are special inverters which are designed to draw energy from a battery, manage the battery charge via an onboard charger, and export excess energy to the utility grid. These inverters are capable of supplying AC energy to selected loads during a utility outage, and are required to have anti-islanding protection.
Intelligent hybrid inverters, manage photovoltaic array, battery storage and utility grid, which are all coupled directly to the unit. These modern all-in-one systems are usually highly versatile and can be used for grid-tie, stand-alone or backup applications but their primary function is self-consumption with the use of storage.

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