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1. Technical quality and export advantages
Ningbo has the ability to produce precision casting, mold structure, and life-leading precision casting, large castings, high-precision die-casting molds, progressive molds, plastic molds, powder metallurgy molds, which have a certain reputation in the country; although Ningbo mold exports It still only accounts for about 5% of the output value, but the export supporting areas are wide and the supporting enterprises have high international reputation. The mold export market has been initially opened, and the average price of Ningbo molds is only one-fifth of the price of Korean molds due to the relatively low cost. To one-sixth, one-tenth of the price of molds in the United States, these undoubtedly make Ningbo molds have great advantages in exporting foreign exchange.
2. Agglomeration competitive advantage and effect advantage
The construction of the mold base has formed a preliminary cooperation mold industry chain in each region, which provides a favorable foundation for further adjusting the structure and promoting industrial agglomeration; “China Mould Production Baseâ€, “China Light Industry Mould Production Baseâ€, “China Mould The win of the title of “Hometownâ€, “Hometown of Die Casting Mouldâ€, “Hometown of Plastic Mould†and “Hometown of Foundry Mouldâ€, especially the title of “Ningbo-China Mould Capital†to Ningbo Mould to expand market during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period Provides an extremely rare publicity effect.
3. Enterprise development environmental advantages
Ningbo's unique geographical environment, policy environment and developed economy have great appeal to foreign capital and private enterprises. Famous domestic and foreign processing equipment, tool holders, tools, instruments, manufacturing technology, materials and various software have entered Ningbo. It is convenient for Ningbo mold enterprises to obtain the latest development results, update equipment and improve technology in time, which is very beneficial to Ningbo mold development capability; Ningbo's large number of export-oriented products such as electromechanical, hardware, stationery, auto parts, lighters, etc. are strong for the mold industry. Demand will also greatly promote the development of Ningbo molds.
4. Industrial optimization advantages
With the increase of investment promotion in Ningbo, a large number of foreign-funded enterprises have entered Ningbo, and their high requirements for mold matching will spur Ningbo's mold industry to upgrade its grade. At the same time, Ningbo has a strong appeal to international mold companies. Their presence will directly bring the management concepts and technologies of international advanced mold enterprises, which will bring an excellent environment for the improvement of Ningbo mold industry.
Although Ningbo Mould has made significant progress in precision, life and complexity during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, in general, it has a certain distance from Shenzhen and Dongguan. Luo Baihui believes that the main problems in the development of Ningbo mold industry are embodied. In the following aspects:
1. Uneven development level of enterprises and lack of supporting services for molds
Although some products of some enterprises have reached or are close to the international level, in general, small-scale and even workshop-style mold enterprises in Ningbo still occupy a large proportion. These enterprises lack advanced equipment and advanced designers, and technological innovation of enterprises. Low capacity, high precision mold production capacity, so that high-tech molds need to rely on imports.
2, technical equipment needs to be improved, senior talents are seriously lacking
The mold industry in Ningbo has undergone technological transformation during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and the level of process equipment has been greatly improved, but most of them use Taiwan machine tools, domestic machine tools and other common processing equipment. High-end equipment such as high-speed 15,000 rpm or above Axial milling machines above the axis are far from universal, and there are almost no five-axis simultaneous milling machines. The comparison of mold quality is largely a comparison of equipment. Without high-precision equipment, it means that it is incapable of producing high-precision molds. Although China's machine tool industry has been able to provide a complete set of high-precision mold processing equipment, such as: machining centers, CNC milling machines, CNC copy milling machines, electric machining machines, coordinate grinding machines, optical grinders, coordinate measuring machines, etc., but in processing And positioning accuracy, machining surface roughness, machine tool rigidity, stability, reliability, tool and accessories compatibility needs to be improved.
The mold industry is a technology-intensive, capital-intensive, labor-intensive industry. With the development of the times and the advancement of technology, the talents who master and apply new technologies can not meet the development needs of enterprises, mold senior technical talents, senior fitters and their business managers. Very scarce, talent shortages lead to competition among enterprises, and the flow of senior talents cannot be controlled, which greatly affects the development and stability of mold enterprises.
In addition to professional mold technicians, there are also serious shortages of senior management talents and foreign trade talents in mold enterprises. It can be predicted that as the scale of enterprises continues to expand, the contradiction of talent demand will become more prominent, which will become an important factor restricting the development of the industry.
3. Management level and enterprise information level are low
In terms of manufacturing process, most of the mold companies in Ningbo have used CAD/CAM software to design the shape, but in the mold manufacturing, the team is still in the team, the master is apprentice, there is no standard manufacturing process, and the final quality of the mold is very good. Also in the hands of the fitter master. The city's computer analysis software can be used to form mold analysis, stress distribution research, flow analysis, cooling analysis, etc., and almost all enterprises are applying empirical methods, trial and error methods, molds that are not manufactured according to standardized processes, standards and Accuracy is difficult to reach the international mold level.
According to statistics, Ningbo has passed ISO certification of less than 100 mold companies, and the degree of informationization of enterprises is low. On-site management, technical management, personnel management and so on rarely use modern information engineering, because a considerable part of Ningbo's mold enterprises are From the workshop-style enterprises, there are still many enterprises that are workshop-style management. Therefore, problems such as mold delivery time, cost accounting, and quality control are constantly emerging, and disputes often occur with customers.
4. Specialization, standardization, and low degree of commercialization
Ningbo Mould is mainly self-contained due to a large number of enterprises, and is affected by “big and complete†and “small and completeâ€. The specialized division of labor is not fine, and the degree of commercialization is low. Ningbo mold standardization level and standard parts coverage and international advanced The horizontal distance is large, which makes it difficult to meet the international standards of mold quality, cost and manufacturing cycle. Due to the oversupply of medium and low grade molds in the whole market, enterprises often rely on low-price competition to survive and seek market. These non-benign competitions affect the development environment of Ningbo molds, resulting in shrinking profit margins, declining product quality, and lack of necessary enterprises. The equipment update capability will affect the improvement of Ningbo's high-grade mold production capacity.
6. Collaboration between enterprises is poor, and government support needs to be strengthened.
The cooperation between mold companies is not enough, and the atmosphere of unity, cooperation and coordinated development is lacking, which greatly reduces the ability of Ningbo to undertake large projects.
Since 1997, the state has given certain support policies to professional mold manufacturers that have reached a certain scale, but the enterprises that can be enjoyed are limited. Because of the high-end mechanical equipment and high-tech talents, high-precision molds and molds can be manufactured. This particularity of the industry has led to large investment in equipment in the mold industry and high personnel costs. The wages of technicians in mold enterprises far exceed the average social wages of tax calculations. The state implements VAT on industrial products, and the cost of mold materials is low, knowledge, The large investment in labor and technology cannot be deducted from the value-added tax, resulting in an alarming rate of increase and a very high value-added tax. According to the statistics of the State Administration of Taxation, the actual tax burden of the mold industry is 5.07 percentage points higher than that of other industries. The high investment in the manpower, technology, equipment and other aspects of the mold industry and the characteristics of single-piece production lead to high net value of the mold. The real profit is not high, and this particularity of the mold industry requires the government to increase its support for taxation. 
Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Ningbo Mould Industry Development
After decades of development, Ningbo Mould has formed a clear competitive advantage in terms of product quality, supply price and market: