Practice has proved that the solar air-conditioning technology scheme combining heat pipe vacuum tube collector and lithium bromide absorption chiller is successful, which opens up a new application field for solar thermal utilization technology.

Compared with conventional air conditioners, solar absorption air conditioners have the following three distinct advantages:

(1) The seasonal adaptability of solar air conditioners is good, that is to say, the cooling capacity of the system increases with the increase of solar radiant energy, which coincides with the urgent requirements for air conditioners in summer;

(2) The traditional compression chiller uses Freon as the medium, which has great destructive effect on the atmosphere. The absorption chiller uses non-toxic and harmless lithium bromide as the medium, which is very beneficial to the protection of the environment;

(3) The same solar absorption air conditioning system can combine summer cooling, winter heating and hot water supply in other seasons, which significantly improves the utilization and economy of the solar energy system.

It is true that everything must be divided into two. While emphasizing the advantages of solar air conditioning, we should also see its current limitations, so we should pay attention to solving these problems during the promotion and application process:

(1) Although solar air conditioners have entered the practical stage, users who want to use solar air conditioners are increasing, but most of the products that have been commercialized are large-scale lithium bromide refrigerators, which are only suitable for central air conditioners of units. In this regard, the air-conditioning and refrigeration industry is actively researching and developing various small-scale lithium bromide or ammonia-water absorption chillers to gradually enter the family with solar collectors;

(2) Although solar air conditioners can use solar energy resources for free, due to the low solar irradiance under natural conditions, the ratio of the collector's lighting area to the air-conditioning building area is limited. Currently, it is only applicable to the few layers. building. In this regard, we are stepping up the development of vacuum tube collectors that can generate water vapor in order to combine with vapor-type absorption chillers to further increase the ratio of collectors to air-conditioning building areas;

(3) Although solar air conditioners can greatly reduce the consumption of conventional energy and significantly reduce operating costs, the initial investment in the system is still high, and it is only suitable for limited wealthy users. To this end, we are constantly reducing the cost of existing vacuum tube collectors, so that more and more units and households have the economic affordability of using solar air conditioners.

In recent years, the surface temperature of the earth has increased year by year, people's requirements for air conditioning in summer have become more and more intense, and the installation of air conditioners has become a wave of consumption in most parts of China. We believe that the solar absorption air conditioning system can exert the comprehensive advantages of summer cooling, winter heating and hot water supply throughout the year, and it will surely achieve significant economic, social and environmental benefits, and has broad application prospects.

In theory, there are two ways to realize solar air conditioning. One is to realize the light-to-electric conversion, and then to drive the conventional compression chiller for cooling. The second is to use the solar heat to drive the refrigeration. For the former, due to the high price of high-power solar power technology, the current practicality is poor. Therefore, solar air conditioning technology generally refers to thermal energy driven air conditioning technology. Of course, solar air conditioning technology in a broad sense also includes geothermal drive and underground cold source air conditioning technology.

Due to technology, cost and other reasons, solar air conditioners generally use absorption and adsorption refrigeration technology. Absorption refrigeration technology is a technology that uses the absorption and evaporation characteristics of an absorbent to perform refrigeration. It is classified into ammonia-water absorption refrigeration and lithium bromide-water absorption refrigeration depending on the absorbent. Adsorption refrigeration technology uses solid adsorbent to adsorb refrigerant to cool, commonly used molecular sieve-water, activated carbon-methanol adsorption refrigeration. Both refrigeration technologies do not use Freon, which can avoid the destruction of the ozone layer, which has special significance; and the two use lower-level energy, which has bright prospects in terms of energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, the adsorption refrigeration system has low operating cost (or no running cost), no moving parts, long life and no noise, especially in special fields such as aviation and aerospace.

For solar refrigeration technology, because of the efficiency of the collector, etc., it is necessary to use a relatively low heat source temperature. Therefore, solar-powered refrigerators have a problem of low efficiency. With the corresponding cost allocation of collectors, chillers, etc., the collection temperature, cold water temperature and cooling water temperature should be different, in order to establish a most economical and rational solar air conditioning system, it is yet to be The problem to be solved. In addition, due to the aging problem of solar energy collection, the thermal storage technology must also be well solved. A better thermal storage system can make up for the irreversibility and discontinuity of solar energy.

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