Because people have a new understanding of how bones maintain strength, we may one day see materials inspired by bones used to produce more durable products, such as aircraft wings. In addition, these findings may lead to better treatment of diseases such as osteoporosis.

The lattice-like internal structure of bones is usually composed of a vertical network of plate-shaped pillars and a thinner network of horizontal rod-shaped pillars extending between them. When the bone is subjected to a single heavy load at a time, it depends largely on the density of the vertical pillar to determine whether it will break. Previously, it was thought that horizontal struts had little effect on bone strength.

However, using computer models, researchers at Cornell University recently discovered that the higher the density of the horizontal struts, the greater the number of smaller load cycles that the bone withstands over time before breaking – this is its long-term fatigue life.

Chief scientist Christopher J. Hernandez said: "If you consider how many low-amplitude loads a certain thing can withstand, then these small laterally inclined pillars are important. When people age, they will first lose these horizontal pillars, which increases the bone cause The possibility of breaking under multiple periodic loads. "

In order to physically test the computer model data, the researchers printed a variety of bone-inspired samples of polyurethane polymer materials in 3D, and then repeated the loading cycle. It was found that by increasing the thickness of the horizontal pillar, the fatigue life of the material can be increased by up to 100 times.

Now the team hopes that their findings can inspire man-made materials that can better withstand multiple loads throughout their service life. Hernandez pointed out that aerospace materials are a good example. He said: "The wing of an aircraft will withstand thousands of loads in each flight."

The study was described in a paper recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research may also help guide the development of treatments for degenerative bone diseases.

Shower Heads

Shower heads is one of the Bathroom Accessories, including top spray, hand-held, spray gun and shower lift rod combo set. The material of the shower heads is usually plastic or stainless steel, and there are also some high-priced and high-quality copper shower heads. The surface treatment of the shower heads is also mostly in the classic chrome and black, but also in copper and white, or in colorful made of other materials. The size and shape of the top spray and the hand-held usually should be match, and the color should be the same, so that it looks harmonious, and the color and size of the shower faucet and shower rod should also be considered when purchasing a shower head.

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