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1 Affected by the economic crisis, the growth rate of major economic indicators in the industry has fallen sharply, but the product structure has improved significantly. The overall economy is still operating at a high level . The world financial crisis triggered by the US subprime mortgage crisis in the second half of last year gradually affected the real economy and gradually formed an economic crisis. My industry has also had a major impact. At the end of the fourth quarter of last year, some product markets fell by up to 50%, such as cubic boron nitride abrasives, some specifications of diamond saw blades, etc., other products fell by about 20%, causing some companies to lay off. In particular, enterprises that export only almost all of their mid- to low-end products to Europe and the United States suddenly drop or even disappear in orders, which makes it difficult for enterprises to operate. They have to rush to prepare for domestic sales organizations and find domestic markets. They have to lay off large numbers of employees and become struggling! Enterprises with high product grades, diversified markets or domestic sales are less affected, and individual companies are not even affected, and there has been a good situation against the market.
From the statistics of Tables 1-2, it can be seen that the total industrial output value of 61 enterprises is nearly 13.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.7%, and the growth rate has dropped by 14.1%; the average number of employees in 68 enterprises has dropped by 5%; this should be affected by the economic crisis. shadow. The industrial added value of 50 enterprises increased by 24.2% year-on-year, the total profit of 66 enterprises increased by 29%, and the average labor productivity of 50 enterprises increased by 41.7%. These three data reflect the obvious improvement of product structure, high technology and high add-on. The proportion of value products has increased. The average wage of 67 employees increased by 12.4%, which was higher than the growth rate of 5.9% of the consumer price index (CPI) in 2008, indicating that the staff's life has been improved to some extent, but the average annual income is 19,600 yuan, and the national towns in 2008. The average wage of employees on the job is 29,200 yuan, only 67% of them, and the level is still low. Moreover, the growth of corporate profits is not synchronized with the increase in wages of employees, and employees have not been able to get the rewards they deserve.
Overall, although the industry was affected by the economic crisis in 2008, the growth rate of major economic indicators decreased a lot, but the growth rate still exceeded 15%, and it was still running at a high speed.
It can be seen from Table 2 that the industrial output value of the industry has continued to grow at a high speed in recent years, but the growth rate of many indicators in 2006 and 2008 has dropped significantly. The main reason may be the adjustment of diamonds in 2006 and the impact of the 2008 economic crisis. However, the output value of various products has reached a growth rate of about 40% in 2007 and 2008. This is a good result that many industry leaders have called for vigorous development of products, vigorous development of high-end products, and the efforts of researchers. congratulations! It is expected that this good development momentum will be maintained in the future.
The specific growth of the four types of products is shown in Table 3. The growth rate of saw blades in the table is the lowest, only 7.2%, an increase of 2.5% year-on-year; the growth rate of drill bits is the highest, reaching 18.2%, an increase of 8.5% year-on-year; the growth rate of diamond grinding wheels is down 7.1% year-on-year; the growth of CBN grinding wheels is increasing year-on-year. 4.8%. It is worth noting that the average price of single-piece products of saw blades, drill bits and diamond grinding wheels has increased to varying degrees. This is a high-tech, high-value-added product in enterprise products in the context of increasingly fierce market competition and falling prices of homogeneous products. Billy is improving. The product structure is clearly improving. The decline in the average price of single-piece products of CBN grinding wheels is caused by more and more enterprises participating in the competition of high value-added products. It can also be seen from Table 3 that the average unit price of the product is more than three times that of the diamond grinding wheel, which is more than 8 times that of the drill bit and more than 39 times that of the saw blade. This is the motivation for many companies to enter the manufacturing of this product after the country proposes product and industrial restructuring. Remind those enterprises that do not have the conditions to follow the trend blindly. This kind of product is a precision machining tool with complex production technology. It requires multi-disciplinary technicians to closely cooperate with each other to adjust the process according to different purposes and conditions to meet user requirements. And the demand for such products is much smaller than that of saw blades. Without long-term exploration and accumulation of experience, it is difficult to do well, it is difficult to obtain economic benefits, and the market is also prone to saturation.
2. The main products have been recognized by more and more international merchants, and the export volume and geographical area have expanded rapidly. As shown in Table 4, China Customs Statistics has exported diamonds to 1.35 billion carats in 60 countries and regions in 2008, accounting for more than 10% of exports. There are four countries and regions: the United States, Hong Kong, Ireland and India, accounting for 72.8% of exports, which is the main consumer of diamonds in China; 3 to 5% of countries have South Korea, Italy and Japan, accounting for exports. 13.2%, the top seven countries and regions accounted for 86% of exports; the other 53 countries with a single country ratio of less than 2% accounted for only 14% of exports. From the amount and its proportion, it is known that the prices of products exported to the United States, India and Italy are relatively low, and the prices of products exported to Hong Kong, Ireland, Korea and Japan are higher.
As can be seen from Table 5, China Customs statistics exported diamond grinding wheel products to 11,905 tons in 102 countries and regions in 2008, of which only 10% of the countries with exports accounted for only 3% of Poland and India, accounting for 36% of exports; There are 13 countries with 6% of the total, accounting for 42.4% of the export volume; the other 87 countries and regions account for 21.6% of the export volume. The countries and regions where products are exported are highly dispersed, and there is far less diamond concentration. Moreover, Poland ranks first and is far ahead of other countries. It is worthy of further study. The Polish manufacturing industry is not very developed. How can it import more than 2,800 tons of diamond products in China? Does the country have a large international trade group, procure our products and then distribute them to other countries?
In 2008, China's diamond and its grinding wheel products have been exported to 110 countries and regions, 6 more than the 104 in 2007, of which diamond exports amounted to 1.35 billion carats, an increase of 45.6% year-on-year, and the export volume of grinding wheel products was 11905. T, a year-on-year increase of up to 46.3%. It fully demonstrates that China's diamonds and their products have great influence and attractiveness in the international market and have a strong position. When customers from all over the world purchase such products, they have to consider Chinese products with excellent cost performance.
The statistics of the Chinese diamond export target market that can be found are shared with the readers.
Table 6. is the statistical data of China's diamond export target market. According to the table, China's diamonds account for 65% of total US imports, 45% more than Ireland, which ranks second. The two countries together account for 85% of total US imports. It can be said that the US diamond market is dominated by China and Ireland. South Korea and Russia, which ranked third and fourth respectively, accounted for less than 6%, while the other 28 countries accounted for less than 4%.
From Table 7. The US market for imported diamonds, China still dominates the coating market, accounting for 94.6%, but it is worth noting that the UK has sprung up, accounting for 4.9%, with a growth rate of more than 29 times. Decrease 53.7%, is it to divert exports? worthy of study. 80 mesh fine diamond China accounted for 76% of the share, the growth rate of up to 60%, followed by Russia's market share of nearly 13%, a growth rate of 21%, China and Russia accounted for 97% of the US import market, can be described as the absolute ruler. 80 mesh with crude diamond China accounted for 57% of the share, a growth rate of 28%, followed by Ireland 27%, the third South Korea only accounted for 10%, but its development momentum is very strong, the growth rate is as high as 27%, the top three accounted for 94% %. It is worth mentioning that China's products in 2005 have risen in the past few years after catching up with Ireland for the first time, which has exceeded 30%, indicating that high-level Chinese diamond has been recognized by most users in the United States.
Tables 8-11 are the statistics of China's second largest export market for diamonds. It should be noted that there is a special synthetic diamond product number in the mainland, but the Hong Kong Customs does not. The commodity numbers in the two places do not correspond. Hong Kong synthetic diamonds are mixed with natural industrial diamonds (Table 8. and Table 9. respectively, 71049000 commodity numbers. Export statistics, Table 10, Table 11. respectively, 71051000 commodity number import and export statistics). Table 8 removes the items that are not imported from Taiwan, Macau, Russia, and South Africa, which are obviously not artificial diamonds, with unit prices of HK$24, 65, 3741, and 26250 per carat. Table 9 shows the items that are not significantly more than synthetic diamonds with a unit price of HK$20 per carat and 65 exports to Belgium and Macau, China. From the four data sheets, the following information can be analyzed: 1). The mainland is the most important importer of synthetic diamonds in Hong Kong, accounting for 75% of its total imports. In addition, the sum of the import amounts of Tables 8 and 10 is HK$533 million, and the sum of the export amounts of Tables 9 and 11 is HK$534 million. Hong Kong does not produce diamonds locally, and it rarely consumes diamonds, indicating that it is a re-export trade zone. A large number of Chinese diamonds have been resold to nearly 50 countries in the world through Hong Kong, contributing to the development of China's diamond industry. 2). Mainland Customs statistics (see Table 4) exported 243 million carats of diamonds in Hong Kong and Hong Kong imports (Table 8), which was also 243 million carats, but 41,000 carats more than mainland data. However, the mainland statistics of 16.9 million US dollars (about 12 million Hong Kong dollars) is 31.5% higher than the data in Table 8. If compared with the sum of the amounts in Table 8 and Table 10 (HK$142 million), Hong Kong statistics are 8.2% higher than the mainland, considering Hong Kong. There is a small amount of natural diamond in the statistics. The author thinks that it is more appropriate to take the sum of the amounts of Table 8 and Table 10 for the import and export data of the two places. 3). The unit price of diamonds purchased from mainland China is 0.41 Hong Kong dollars per carat, and the unit price of diamonds exported to the mainland is 1.14 Hong Kong dollars per carat. Explain that China's middle and low-grade diamonds are sold to the world market and the world's high-end diamonds are introduced to China. 4). Only Table 9 shows that the diamonds exported from Hong Kong to the mainland are 66.08 million carats, 93.14 million Hong Kong dollars, and the amount of exports to the mainland in Table 11 is 1.98 million Hong Kong dollars, the total amount is 112.94 million Hong Kong dollars; and the mainland customs counts the imports from Hong Kong. It is only 1.43 million carats, with an amount of US$615,000, or about HK$4.77 million, accounting for only 4.2% of the total number of Hong Kong Customs. The data disparity is so big, how to explain? This question is difficult for the author to explain, leaving the reader to think.
Table 12. is the statistical data of China's seventh largest export market for diamonds. The non-synthetic diamond data imported from Botswana at a price of US$12.84 per carat is deleted. In 2006, Japan was the third largest market for diamond exports in China, and it fell to seventh in 2008. Although Chinese products still accounted for the first volume in Japan, they fell by 15%, while Irish products increased by 6.2%. Explain that the Japanese market demand for products is getting higher and higher. Chinese entrepreneurs should further improve product quality, focus on the Japanese market, and open up the Japanese market.
3. Although the technology and product level have been greatly improved, they have not been well reflected in the international market. The products of developed countries still occupy the mainstream of the high-end market. The industry still needs to work hard. Although the international market share of China's superhard materials and products is rapidly continuing. The popularity of China's manufacturing is also increasing. More and more developed countries are increasingly choosing Chinese-made superhard materials and products. From Table 13. Diamond and product export growth rates are as high as 45% or more. I saw this shadow. Many merchants and institutions specializing in the export of China's products are amazed at the rapid advancement of China's technological progress and product levels in recent years. They firmly believe that they have tried their best to promote China's products to the world's advanced level. This kind of people and things that are very good for Chinese products and promote our products are worthy of our praise, but we should also clearly see that this is just a breakthrough, and the products with a large amount of coverage are still at a low level, or Said that the most high-end products are still occupied by developed countries. From Table 13, we can see that the import price of diamond is 3.7 times that of exports, the import price of grinding wheel products is as high as 26.6 times that of exports, and the import volume of diamonds is still growing, indicating that the highest-end products in China are still occupied by foreign products. From Table 6 the US diamond import market, the second Irish product is 5 times the average price of our products, and the third Korean product is more than twice the average price of our products; from Table 8, Table 9 Hong Kong from the mainland The unit price of diamonds purchased is 0.41 Hong Kong dollars per carat. The unit price of diamonds exported to the mainland is 1.14 Hong Kong dollars per carat. The output is 2.8 times the average unit price of imported products. From Table 12, the Japanese diamond import market ranks second in Ireland and the position. The third-ranked US product is 6.6 times the average unit price in China, and the fourth-ranked Korean product is 5.6 times the average unit price in China. This fully shows that China's diamond market is still dominated by low-end products in the world market. High-end products are still controlled by developed countries. China's huge technological progress and product level improvement have not been well reflected in the international market. Hard and lasting efforts to reverse this situation.
4. Improve the ability of independent innovation, vigorously adjust the industry and product structure, and strive to be the pioneer to catch up with the world's advanced level. After 60 years of glorious development, China's superhard materials industry has created a set of special diamonds for six-sided top presses. Equipment and process technology have accumulated rich experience and laid a good foundation for sustainable development. In particular, in the past five years, the innovation capability and technical level, product quality upgrade and structural adjustment have achieved great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, changed the pattern of the world diamond industry, and laid a solid foundation for catching up with the world's advanced level. People have seen the dawn of a strong country of superhard materials!
However, we must be soberly aware that our high-end products are still scattered in various fields, the number is small, and the gap between high-end products and developed countries is still very large. Diamond is 3 to 5 times worse than foreign products, and the gap in products is nearly 27 times. Moreover, high-end products such as diamond gem-quality single crystal, single crystal turning tool and wire drawing core have not yet entered the commercial stage, and PCD and PCBN for high-end tools still rely on imports.
Therefore, we must continue to vigorously improve the ability of independent innovation, continue to vigorously adjust the industry and product structure, in the rush of the entire Chinese manufacturing industry to catch up with the world's advanced level, be a pioneer, take the lead in achieving the great goal of superhard material power!
Author: Secretary-General of the Association of superhard material Li Zhihong
Brief Analysis of the Economic Operation Situation of Superhard Materials Industry in 2008
0 Introduction Industry economic operation data is an important basis for striving for good national policy support and enterprise development decision-making. Government leaders and entrepreneurs attach great importance to it. However, due to various reasons, the statistical data of this industry is very unsatisfactory, not only the coverage is not enough, but also the data is more hydrated. The policy formulated by the state in recent years cannot be said to be unfair to the industry. The general meeting has required monthly reports for small industries. We have been reporting difficulties for half a year. Some companies are reluctant to report data. Even if we repeatedly promise that the association will never disclose the data of a certain company to any unit or individual, it will not help. . This situation is time to change, otherwise it will bring more and more adverse effects to the healthy development of the industry. When you think about it, entrepreneurs are reluctant to submit or disclose economic data. There may be two considerations. One is that tax authorities are more likely to levy taxes according to this, and the other is that they are reluctant to let competitors know. In fact, the information of national statistical agencies and taxation agencies is not communicated. If taxation agencies want to collect more taxes, they often go through audits. It is impossible for tax authorities to obtain statistical data from the associations, and it is impossible to levy taxes on enterprises according to this; Overall data, it is not possible to provide data for a single business, unless the company itself provides local government support or wants to obtain an honorary requirement that the association provide its data or industry ranking to a government agency. I sincerely hope that entrepreneurs will emancipate their minds in the future, actively support the statistical work of the association, and actively submit data. We expect that the economic operation data we will provide in the future will be more comprehensive and closer to the real situation of the industry.