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1. Selection of high-quality herbicides There are many brands of wheat herbicides on the market, and the quality of the herbicides is uneven. The domestic herbicides were mainly benzenesulfuron-methyl before 2006. In recent years, the compound preparations and combination products developed rapidly, and the foreign herbicides More well-known herbicides such as Dow AgroSciences, Bayer, Syngenta, DuPont, FMC, etc. The choice of herbicides must first eliminate the use of herbicides that have an impact on the crops, followed by the selection of brand-name and herbicides produced by well-known large companies.
2. Proper use of the drug preparation must take the second dilution method: first add a small amount of water to the mother liquid, then pour into a sprayer with a certain amount of water, then add the amount of water to be added, while stirring, mix thoroughly and dilute to the need concentration. Do not pour the medicine into the potion first, so that the medicine is easily deposited in the suction pipe of the sprayer, so that the concentration of the first sprayed liquid is high, and it is easy to cause phytotoxicity. The concentration of the liquid sprayed after the injection is low, and the herbicidal effect is poor. Also, do not pour the medicine into a sprayer containing a large amount of water, so that the wettable powder tends to float on the water meter or form a small piece, and the distribution is uneven, which not only does not guarantee the effect but also easily blocks the spray hole when sprayed. The liquid medicine must be prepared with clean water. The amount of water sprayed by the soil treated herbicide should be higher. 667 square meters of water should be 50-60 kilograms. The conventional spray of herbicides treated with stems and leaves can be less suitable for water, 667 square meters of water. The amount is generally 30-45 kg. When the sensation is insufficient, the amount of water should be increased appropriately. When the sputum is lacking, the application is not applied. The soil with high organic matter content is fine, the amount of herbicide is large, and the amount of soil microorganisms is large. Exuberant, the amount of drug is degraded, the dosage can be appropriately increased, the sandy loam soil is coarse, the adsorption amount of the agent is small, the drug molecules are mostly free in the soil particles, the activity is strong, and the drug damage is easy to occur, and the dosage can be appropriately reduced. When using the hand pressure sprayer, it is necessary to retreat or spray the sideways. Do not spray while walking forward; the speed of the hand sprayer should be the same as the height of the nozzle; the width of each spray should be the same. Spray should be meticulous and uniform, avoid heavy spray and leakage; pay attention to choose sunny and windless weather when spraying, prevent the liquid from drifting to nearby crops to produce phytotoxicity; soil treatment herbicides will form a film on the soil surface after application. Do not cultivate for 1 to 2 weeks, so as not to damage the drug layer and reduce the herbicidal effect. It is best to use a special sprayer for herbicides. If there is no special equipment, you must use soda lime or stone sulphur to soak all the contact parts of the liquid for more than 48 hours after spraying. Then rinse with water to spray other crops. In addition, the herbicide mixture must be selected according to the characteristics of the herbicide, the characteristics of weeds, and the fertility stage of the crop to avoid blind mixing of the herbicide.
3. Remedy (1) Spray water. When the spraying dose of the herbicide is too large, it should be sprayed with water in time to remove the residual leaf surface, reduce the concentration of herbicide in the crop, and timely irrigate to promote the transpiration of wheat and reduce the phytotoxicity. (2) Strengthening the management of fertilizer and water. When the phytotoxicity is light, some leaves of the crop appear brown spots, and the heart leaves are not dead. It can be compensated by strengthening the management of fertilizer and water, and it can be recovered in a short time. (3) Spray antidote or corresponding remediation agent. Ferrous sulfate can reduce the phytotoxicity of gram-free wheat, and calcium sulphide can eliminate the residual simazine activity in the soil. Due to the phytotoxicity caused by the auxin type herbicide, gibberellin can be sprayed to reduce the phytotoxicity; due to the phytotoxicity caused by the contact herbicide, the foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to promote the rapid recovery of the crop, thereby relatively reducing the phytotoxicity.
Beware of the phytotoxicity of wheat field herbicides
In recent years, the use of herbicides in wheat fields has increased year by year, and phytotoxicity often occurs. It must be prevented from the following aspects.
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