Due to its unique beauty, elegance and durability, natural stone has always been favored by the construction industry. People advocating nature and building a harmonious society, natural stone can return to the natural environment back to life. Therefore, natural stone products are increasingly favored by construction projects and families. Natural stone is not only durable but also easy to use. In the production of natural stone, only a small amount of energy is consumed in mining and stone processing, and the generated waste can be used as a raw material for man-made stone, block, and concrete, in line with China's energy conservation and festivals. Material and sustainable development strategy. Natural stone is mainly used in building foundations and peripheral curtain walls, interior wall and floor decorations, square pavements, trails, curbs, and bridges. In recent years, with the acceleration of urban construction and the improvement of residents' quality of life, more and more environmentally-friendly natural stone has been used in construction and decoration. Therefore, the demand for domestic stone materials is very strong, which has greatly promoted the rapid development of China's stone industry. .

The application of building decoration stone has been abroad for more than 100 years. China's stone has a long history of application, but modern mining and processing has only a history of more than 50 years. The rapid development is in the past 20 years. Although China's stone modern processing started late, but after introducing foreign advanced mining processing technology and equipment, relying on abundant resources and low cost advantages of mining and processing, it quickly occupied the international market, making the world's stone processing center gradually shifted to China. In particular, after the reform and opening up, under the conditions of a market economy, the former state-owned and collective stone companies have undergone a major transformation, and joint-stock companies, joint ventures, and private companies have launched a number of projects such as Guanlu, Conley, Universal, and Xishi. At the same time, large-scale leading stone companies such as Gaoshi, Dongcheng, Guanghui and other multinational companies also formed a number of stone processing, production and sales distribution centers such as Fujian Shuitou, Shandong Laizhou, Yunfu, Guangdong, Beijing Xizhihe, etc. Thousands of large and small stone companies have gathered. On the basis of digesting and absorbing advanced foreign technologies, the industry has gradually established a complete stone industry system through continuous innovation. Stone processing machinery industry, auxiliary steel materials such as alloy steel sand, saw blades and abrasives, and artificial stone have emerged. Mosaic, stone care agent, stone dry hanging, stone adhesive and other ancillary industries. Mining and processing technology has been continuously innovating, with the emergence of mining wire saws and circular saws, CNC machining centers, water jets, ultra-thin stone processing equipment, etc. The technical level has reached or even surpassed the international advanced level, making stone processing precision and technical content further improved.

After more than two decades of rapid development, China has developed into a world-class stone industry, and is the world's stone processing base and export base. The annual output, consumption, and import and export volume of stone products account for the first place in the world. In 2008, China's stone import and export totaled more than 5 billion U.S. dollars and its exports exceeded 4 billion U.S. dollars. For the 13th consecutive year, the number of single products imported and exported by the nation's building materials industry was the largest. The domestic consumption of natural stone slabs exceeds 300 million square meters, and grows at a rate of more than 20% per year. Stone products have been developed from the initial granite and marble floors and wall surface plates into various specifications of engineering plates, arc plates, spheres, columns, and lines of various shapes; thick plates, thin plates, and ultrathin Stone composite panels, tombstone stone, cultural stone, stone mosaic, mushroom stone, square pavement stone, stone carving stone carving products and various artificial stone, etc.; surface processing has appeared fire surface, litchi surface, antique surface, sandblasting surface, water erosion surface, etc. . Stone types are also divided into granite, marble, slate, limestone, sandstone, and sub-precious stones. The number of stone types reaches more than 1,500 kinds, and the number of imported stone products on the market reaches more than 200 kinds; new products, new products The technology is constantly being developed, utilized and promoted.

In the aspect of stone applications, China has absorbed foreign advanced dry-hanging technology and dry sticking technology, and has continuously improved dry hanging parts. New pendants such as back bolts, back-hanging type, and SE type have appeared; the curtain wall structure is also being eco-friendly and comfortable. Type and intelligent direction development, stone wall height has reached 230 meters, the maximum wind load has reached 12KPa; bonding materials gradually use advanced dry cement binder, emulsion adhesive, resin binder, etc. The wet adhesion process gradually eliminates the traditional cement mortar materials. Stone protection technology was introduced into China from the 1990s. After more than ten years of rapid development, the level of stone care has been greatly improved. Many new products and techniques have emerged in stone protection, maintenance, cleaning, and stone disease management. Also accumulated a wealth of experience, formed a dedicated stone service industry.

The tremendous development of the stone industry has also refined the organizational structure of production and realized socialized production. Derived stone blocks, wool board, wool board, engineering board and other products, there have been a series of fields of mining, production and processing, machinery and equipment, auxiliary chemical products, design and construction and installation, care and so on. The demand for modern warehouse-style production and sales brings another ** to the stone industry, which not only solves the problem of large-scale storage and occupies a large area, but also increases production efficiency, plate production rate, reduces costs, and saves resources. Has become the next industry promotion and development trend.

While the architectural decorative stone industry is continuously developing, the existing problems can not be ignored, mainly in the following three aspects.

1. The industrial resources are scattered, and the research on stone basic research and comprehensive application technology is of low level and low efficiency. This not only affects the healthy and rapid development of the stone industry, but also causes great waste of resources.

Stone is a special type of building decoration material, from stone mining to application, involving techniques in various disciplines or fields such as geology, mineralogy, petrology, crystallography, architecture, chemical engineering, machinery and equipment, environmental protection and energy conservation, and security. . To improve the quality and application technology of our country's stone materials and the sound and rapid development of the stone industry, we must fully mobilize and integrate all resources to conduct in-depth and systematic research. The rapid development of China's stone industry has benefited from the introduction of advanced processing equipment from abroad and has quickly occupied the international market at a low cost. Up till now, there has not been any special research and development institution related to stone. The research and development resources of the entire stone industry are very scattered. Many technologies, processes and methods, equipment, auxiliary materials, and standards from mining to stone are still being imitated. The stage of quoting foreign technology has a large gap with the international advanced level, especially in the ore mining technology. Therefore, the price of stone in our country is currently only 1/4 to 1/6 of the world average price.

At present, there are more than 600 varieties of native natural granite on the domestic market, more than 800 varieties of natural marble, more than 200 types of limestone and sandstone, nearly 100 varieties of watts and slate, and more than 200 varieties imported from abroad. Its performance and use requirements vary greatly. Due to the lack of basic and systematic research work, the knowledge and performance of stone materials have not been universally popularized and promoted. Furthermore, due to imperfect products and technical standards, there have been a large number of disputes and quality problems in use, which not only caused huge economic problems. Losses, and there is also a huge waste of these non-renewable natural resources.

In the course of development of stone, along with the appearance of various new products and new processes, some treatment processes such as acid etching, burning, and litchi face have destroyed the internal structure of the stone, and a large amount of adhesives, protective agents and even toxic dyes, etc. It will directly affect the indoor air quality and endanger personal safety. The new type of floor heating also puts forward new requirements for the application of ground stone. Many projects have problems such as floor cracking, tilting, and non-compliance of heat due to unsolved problems in this area.

The application of stone curtain walls also lacks basic research, such as the impact and destruction of salt fog on the stone in the coastal area, the corrosion effect of dry hanging pieces, the destruction of stone materials by acid rain in the Beijing area, and the long-term sunshine on dry hanging materials in stone curtain walls. The degree of destruction; the influence of freezing and thawing in cold regions on the stone curtain wall; the safety evaluation and detection technology of curtain walls; the insulation of stone curtain walls.

Stone protection (waterproof, antifouling, rust-proof, waterproof spot, anti-aging, weathering, etc.) technology and protective agent research is still at a relatively low level. The development of stone protection agents in foreign countries has a history of more than 30 years. The research of stone protection agents in Japan, Europe and the United States has taken a leading position. In contrast, China's research in stone protection agents started late. At present, the country has not yet established relevant standards, and the protective agents used are mostly imported from Japan, Europe and the United States. The amount of stone used in Beijing ranks first in the country. In particular, many historical relics use stone as the main material. Therefore, the development of advanced stone protection technology is very important for the protection of stone relics in China. This is also a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the stone industry.

The application of stone in municipal construction is relatively backward. In addition to being used as peripheral curtain wall, wall surface and floor decoration, stone can also be widely used in squares, pavement sidewalks, curbs, etc., which can replace concrete, block and other high consumption. Energy materials, but there is no corresponding research and application. The lack of application research of stone plays an active role in the construction of new countryside.

China's stone resource reserves are the largest in the world, and the consumption of stone raw materials is also the largest in the world. There is a big gap between the stone and mine exploitation and the international advanced level, resulting in the overall “small, earthy, scattered, and chaotic” stone industry in China. The waste is enormous, especially the precious resources such as Fangshan Hanbaiyu are depleted.

2. The safety issue of stone is becoming more and more prominent Stone is a brittle decoration material, which brings beauty to the city and also poses a great potential safety hazard. In particular, the security of the stone curtain wall is particularly acute. It is called the "air killer" and "a knife that hangs on the people." In September 2005, the China Building Decoration Association was commissioned by the Ministry of Construction to investigate stone curtain walls in 10 cities across the country and found that 9.38% had potential safety hazards. It was particularly worrying that the curtain walls that had been put into operation in the last 10 years had hidden troubles and safety. The proportion of hidden dangers is higher than that of curtain walls that have been operating for more than 10 years. In 2005, Shanghai included the curtain wall as one of the “seven new sources of disasters that may endanger urban security”. The building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Chaoyangmen, Beijing has fallen from dry hanging stones. The construction of the new Poly Building caused a casualty due to the fall of dry hanging plates. The dry hanging stone of Xidan Bank of China Tower used surface cracks after 8 years of use. .

In 1984, China began to exhibit curtain wall decoration works. After more than 20 years of development, all types of curtain walls in China have reached more than 150 million square meters, accounting for more than 50% of the world total. The glass curtain wall industry standard was introduced in 1996, and the stone and metal curtain wall industry standard was introduced in 2001. Prior to this, there was no standard basis for the curtain wall project, which resulted in many projects being “congenitally deficient” and there was a great potential safety hazard. Natural stone is the most difficult and most difficult material to control in all face materials. It is also the material with the highest risk of decoration. In the current situation where the standards and specifications are not perfect, quality issues are endless, and personal accidents caused by falling stones are Happened. Therefore, stone safety is a problem that the industry should attach great importance to.

3. The standards and specifications of the stone industry are not perfect, which seriously restricts the healthy development of the stone industry. The standards of the stone industry in China have been continuously revised and supplemented. The major product standards have been relatively well-established and have reached the international advanced level. Some of these product standards are China's independent development, such as special-shaped stone, dry hanging stone, tombstone stone, culture stone, stone mosaic, composite stone, microcrystalline stone, stone protection agent. However, there are still many gaps in many aspects, mainly including: (1) Stone construction and installation technology, application technology, curtain wall security performance testing technology, and other standards are still in blank; (2) stone mine mining technical specifications and management specifications are in blank, leading to mining The technology is generally backward, indiscriminate harvesting, huge waste of resources; (3) lack of standards in the production management, quality management, environmental protection and energy conservation of stone companies, direct application of ISO 9000 series standards does not solve the general chaos of the stone enterprise management; (4) product standards are not enough Refinement, especially the standards of new products, new varieties, and new technologies, have not kept pace with it; (5) There is still a big gap between deep-level technical research and testing methods and standards of stone properties and foreign advanced standards.

At present, there is no unified stone technical standard in the world. The advanced foreign stone standard system mainly includes the American ASTM stone standard and the European EN stone professional standard. China's stone foundations, products, and test methods are mainly based on the ASTM stone standard in the United States. Some advanced test methods in the European stone standard system are not available to us, such as salt crystal strength, petrographic analysis, chilling heat, Dynamic elastic modulus, salt spray-resistant aging strength, fracture-resistant energy, static elastic modulus, linear thermal expansion coefficient, capillary water absorption coefficient, etc. The timely addition of these test method standards and application standards will help to enrich China's stone basic standards and Its scientific research has a very positive significance for China's participation in international stone standardization work.

The rapid development of China's stone industry has made China's stone exhibit great advantages and influence in the world, and has received the attention and support of the relevant departments of the country. In 2007, the National Name Selection Committee included the decorative stone in the National Brand Development Strategic Plan; in 2007, the China Federation of Building Materials approved the preparation of the “Building Materials Industry Stone Decoration Quality Supervision and Inspection Center”; and in October 2008, the National Certification and Accreditation Regulatory Commission authorized The “National Stone Quality Supervision and Inspection Center” was established; in December 2008, the National Standardization Administration approved the establishment of the “National Stone Standardization Technical Committee” (SAC/TC460) and established three sub-technical committees. Management specification and application technology and specification sub-technical committee (SAC/TC460/SC1), product and auxiliary material sub-technical committee (SAC/TC460/SC2), special machinery sub-technical committee (SAC/TC460/SC3), at the same time set up to establish Artificial Stone Working Group. In 2007 and 2008, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China established the research of two basic standards scientific research projects, namely "Technical Studies on the Identification Standards for Natural Stones" and "Research on Limiting Standards for Toxic and Harmful Substances in Building Decorative Stone Products". For 10 consecutive years, the company has conducted national supervision and spot checks on stone products. The International Department of the National Standardization Management Committee is actively assisting the stone industry to undertake the formulation of international stone standards, activating the International Stone Standards Committee (ISO/TC196), gradually making China an international stone standard committee, and taking on an important role.

With China’s attention to the building decoration stone industry and the implementation of relevant policies, under the efforts of all parties, we will make full use of domestic and international opportunities for good development, vigorously expand the market, expand foreign exchange, actively develop industrial clusters and standardize the stone market, and strengthen the macro With monitoring and technical guidance, and strengthening the building of the stone standardization system, China will surely become the world’s largest stone country and country, leading the world in stone application and technology development.