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The synthesized superhard fullerene is a polymer composed of carbon clusters or spherical molecules composed of carbon atoms. Researchers point out that diamonds are not the hardest material. The hardness of natural diamonds is close to 150 GPa, but the hardness of superhard fullerenes surpasses diamonds and is the hardest material in the range of 150 to 300 GPa.
Carbon clusters are carbon molecules in the form of spheres of 60 atoms. The carbon cluster was first synthesized more than 20 years ago, when the work was awarded the Nobel Prize. The fullerenes in the carbon spheres are arranged in different ways, and the hardness of such materials depends largely on how they relate to each other. The superhard fullerene technology developed by the researchers connected carbon molecules in the form of spheres of 60 atoms by covalent bonds in all directions. This material is called a three-dimensional polymer by scientists.
However, methods for producing such promising materials on an industrial scale have not been found. The main difficulty lies in the 13 GPa high pressure required to start the reaction, and modern large-scale equipment cannot provide such pressure.
According to a report by the physicist's organization network on September 15, in the new study, the researchers demonstrated that the addition of carbon disulfide to the original mixed reagent can catalyze the synthesis of fullerenes. According to the experiment, carbon disulfide is a final product, but here it acts as a catalyst. With it, even at pressures as low as 8 GPa, valuable superhard fullerenes can be produced. In addition, the temperature required for production is also reduced from the original 820 degrees Celsius to the current room temperature.
Mikhail Popov, the lead participant in the study and head of the FSBI TISNCM Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, said: "Our new research will create a new field in materials science because it will greatly reduce the synthesis. The pressure required for the material and allows the manufacture of this material and its derivatives on an industrial scale."
Russia's new method for the synthesis of fullerene hardness super diamonds
Abstract Researchers at the Moscow Institute of Technology, the Russian Institute of Superhard and New Carbon Materials Technology (FSBITISNCM) and the University of Michigan have used a new method to synthesize superhard fullerene materials with hardness exceeding diamonds. The detailed synthesis method is published in the latest issue of the country...
Researchers at the Moscow Institute of Technology, the Russian Institute of Superhard and New Carbon Materials Technology (FSBI TISNCM) and the University of Michigan have used a new method to synthesize superhard fullerene materials with hardness exceeding diamonds. The detailed synthesis method is published in the latest issue of the international academic journal Carbon.