A ballcock (also balltap or float valve) is a mechanism or machine for filling water tanks, such as those found in flush toilets, while avoiding overflow and (in the event of low water pressure) backflow. The modern ballcock was invented by José Antonio de Alzate y RamÃrez, a Mexican priest and scientist, who described the device in 1790 in the Gaceta de Literatura Méxicana.[1] It consists of a valve connected to a hollow sealed float by means of a lever, mounted near the top of the tank. The float is often ball-shaped, hence the name ballcock. The valve is connected to the incoming water supply, and is opened and closed by the lever which has the float mounted on the end. When the water level rises, the float rises with it; once it rises to a pre-set level, the mechanism forces the lever to close the valve and shut off the water flow. This is an example of negative feedback and of proportional control. Ball Cock, Brass Ball Bibcock, Ballcock Valve, Toilet Ballcock Valve ZHEJIANG KINGSIR VALVE CO., LTD. , https://www.kingsir-valves.com
Affordable design, single design Throughout the entire market, it is found that although the consumer market of solid wood furniture is popular all the way, but because its selling price is generally high, most consumers still choose relatively affordable panel furniture. A salesperson of a panel furniture store said that at present, although mahogany and solid wood furniture are popular in the market, the price is several times higher than that of panel furniture, mainly aimed at some high-end consumer groups. The majority of consumers still choose to buy panel furniture, especially for some young consumer groups. The light, concise and bright style of panel furniture is more in line with the characteristics of young people. Chen Xiaotai, president of Baiqiang International Home Furnishing, said that in addition to the price of panel furniture being cheaper than solid wood furniture, its color and texture mainly depend on the effect of veneer, so there are many changes in this area, which can give people a variety of feelings. There are also many changes in the design, the selection range is large, the material is not easy to deform, the combination of components is usually made of various metal hardware, assembly and disassembly are very convenient. Because of these advantages, panel furniture is particularly popular with consumers. Zhu Changling, chairman of the China Furniture Association, said that in the next few years, panel furniture will still be the mainstream furniture in the market. Although panel furniture still maintains its mainstream status, consumers have many opinions on it. A Mr. Zhang who bought a whole set of panel furniture complained: "The furniture design is the same as it was a decade ago. There is nothing new, but the price is a lot more expensive." In addition to the single design, the author also found that, and the store Compared with other upholstered furniture and solid wood furniture, there are more discounts for panel furniture . Various special offers, sample promotions, whole sets of promotions and other preferential forms have emerged in an endless stream, giving consumers the impression of rough and cheap panel furniture.
Affordable housing market to bring good from last year, due to the impact of real estate regulation of upstream factors, combined with rising materials, labor and logistics costs continue to rise, stores and other high rent, the entire domestic industry is mired in the doldrums. Industry insiders predict that the furniture industry has entered the stage of industry reshuffle. "Now the entire furniture industry is in a torment period." Zhang Fucai, chairman of Qiang Furniture, said, "The sales of Qiang Furniture in the first half of the year increased by 4.3 million yuan compared with the same period of last year, a large part of which benefited from the independent store model." Excessive rent is a bottleneck that hinders the development of furniture companies. But he also believes that the real reshuffle period of the furniture industry has not yet arrived. "At present, big brands in the industry are mainstream. For these big companies, the foundation is thick. Even if the profit space is compressed, the company can still function normally." Zhang Fucai believes The real shuffling period of the industry may be next year. In the second half of this year, as affordable housing continues to enter the market, panel furniture will also usher in a new development opportunity. Zhang Chuanxi, executive chairman and secretary general of the National Chamber of Commerce and Industry Furniture Decoration Industry Chamber of Commerce, once said at the affordable housing forum, "For the affordable housing market, some companies that are mainly engaged in mid-range and low-end panel furniture should start early, so that they may be able to grab Opportunity ". Chen Xiaotai, president of Top 100 International Home Furnishings, said that due to the recent implementation of the government's social housing plan, panel furniture sold well in the first half of the year. The large amount of affordable housing entering the market has driven the ordinary income class to consume panel furniture. In addition, industry analysts believe that the newly introduced policy of replacing old furniture with new ones will also drive the sales of panel furniture. Hua Qun Securities analyst Xiao Qun pointed out that once the old-fashioned furniture is fully promoted, it will definitely promote the renovation of a large number of stock rooms and drive the growth of domestic demand in the furniture industry.
Panel furniture becomes mainstream formaldehyde in the market
The problem of formaldehyde has attracted much attention. The author recently visited the Shilihe Home Store in Beijing and noticed that nearly 70% of the panel furniture is on sale. Consumers who come to buy furniture also prefer panel furniture. Consumer Miss Li is buying a dressing table for her new home. She said that she has more than 70 square meters of home and plans to buy a small dressing table. "The design of the panel furniture is relatively simple, and the price is cheap, which is suitable for the average family, but she is most concerned about the formaldehyde problem of furniture." In recent years, the problem of formaldehyde in furniture has been a hot topic for consumers and one of the industry's recognized major problems Especially for panel furniture, since the base material is generally made of artificial board and furniture coating, it also makes it prone to the innate stubborn disease of formaldehyde exceeding the standard. The author randomly asked a dozen consumers. In addition to the price factor, 80% of consumers said that environmental performance is the main factor they consider when buying furniture. In view of consumers' concern about the environmental performance of furniture, some big brands have also specially introduced furniture made of imported plates. A salesperson of Baiqiang International Home said that the imported boards are more environmentally friendly and better quality than the domestic ones, and the price is naturally slightly higher. "The price of furniture using imported plates is generally 30% higher than the price of furniture using domestic plates, and the total price of some complete sets of furniture is even twice as high, because the cost difference is also the same." It is understood that the current domestic furniture raw materials and decorations The formaldehyde emission limit standard in the material needs to reach E1 level, and the environmental protection level of the plates used by some big brands such as the top 100, Qumei, and Yifeng is E0 level, and the average formaldehyde content is 0.3mg / L, which is lower than the national standard. 5 times the value. The environmental protection level of imported plates is generally super E0 level. Taking into account the price factor, experts reminded that, in fact, E0-level furniture has fully met the environmental protection needs of ordinary households.