Closed-loop feed servo system: It directly detects the actual position of the workbench. In theory, it can eliminate the error, gap and loss of the entire drive and drive link. High position control accuracy. However, since the friction characteristics, rigidity and clearance of many mechanical transmission links in the position ring are non-linear, it is easy to cause instability of the system, making the design, installation and debugging of the closed-loop system quite difficult. Therefore, the system has high requirements on the accuracy, rigidity and dynamic characteristics of its components, so it is expensive. This type of system is mainly used for boring and milling machines, super-precision lathes, super-precision grinding machines and larger CNC machine tools with high precision requirements.

CNC control function: CNC can control and the number of feed axes that can be controlled by linkage. The CNC's control feed axes are: moving and rotary axes; basic and additional axes. For example, NC lathe: As long as the two axes are linked, a control shaft with more than two axes is required on a lathe with multiple tool holders.

NC boring and milling machine: Three or more control shafts are required for machining centers. The more the number of linkage control axes, the more complicated the CNC system and the more difficult it is to program.

CNC preparation function: G function - the function of the machine tool action mode, that is, the machine movement line type, coordinate system, coordinate plane, tool compensation, pause, etc., which consists of two digits after the G, a total of 100 ( G00～G99), there are modal (continuation) instructions and non-modal commands.

CNC interpolation function: The so-called interpolation function is a function of the CNC system to realize the machining of the contour of the part (planar or space). Generally, the CNC system only has linear and circular arc interpolation, and now the more advanced CNC system is also equipped with parabola and ellipse. Polar coordinates, sine, spiral, and spline interpolation.

CNC fixed cycle function: In the CNC machining process, some machining processes such as drilling, tapping, boring, deep hole drilling and thread cutting, etc., are very typical. The CNC system uses these cycles in advance. The G code is defined to use this type of G code during processing, which greatly simplifies the programming effort.

CNC feed function: The control function of the feed rate of the CNC system. There are three main control functions:

1. The feed speed controls the movement speed of the tool relative to the workpiece in mm/min. Synchronous feed rate - Synchronization of cutting speed and feed rate in mm/r for threading.

2. Feedrate override (feedrate override)

Realize manual and real-time adjustment of feed rate. That is, the real-time trimming is realized by the magnification band switch of the panel between 0% and 200%.

CNC spindle function: Control function of the cutting speed of the CNC system. There are mainly the following control functions: cutting speed (spindle speed)--the control function to realize the cutting speed of the cutting point of the tool, the unit is m/min (r/min).

3. Constant line speed control realizes the cutting speed of the cutting point of the tool is the function of constant speed control. Spindle Orientation Control - A function that achieves the spindle's circumferential positioning at a specific point.

4. C-axis control realizes the function of spindle position arbitrary position control.

5. Cutting magnification (feed trim rate)

Realize manual cutting speed in real time. That is, the real-time trimming is realized by the magnification band switch of the panel between 0% and 200%.

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