Lithium-liquid polysulfide flow cells are theoretically suitable for large-scale energy storage in power grids. However, such batteries are easily reduced in capacity during the cycle and cannot be truly used. For many years, the team of Professor Cui Wei of Stanford University in the United States has found a way to recover the "regeneration" of capacitors, which is expected to solve the problem of large-scale energy storage in the power grid.

According to a research paper published in the journal Nature Communications, the lithium-liquid multi-sulfur flow battery using lithium metal as a negative electrode and liquid polysulfide as a positive electrode has a high energy density, low energy storage cost, and flowability. Such advantages, however, in the charge-discharge process, the liquid polysulfide therein is converted into solid polysulfide to form a "dead polysulfide fragment", resulting in a decrease in the capacity of the battery during the cycle, and cannot be truly applied to large-scale energy storage in the power grid. The study can "rejuvenate" polysulfide fragments.

The researchers told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the so-called “regeneration” is to allow the added sulfur powder to chemically react with “dead sulfur fragments” under the condition of heating and stirring, and transform the solid low-order polysulfide into liquid high-order polysulfide. As a result, the loss of battery capacity is restored. In an actual lithium-liquid polysulfide flow system, “regeneration” is performed at regular intervals, so that the entire system can continue to operate stably and have a relatively high energy density. The research team built a lithium-liquid polysulfide flow battery energy storage system for cyclic testing. The sulfur load used in single cells is up to gram levels, which is much higher than the normal test battery sulfur load, and can be operated stably.

With its high energy density, low energy storage cost, and safety features, lithium-liquid multi-sulfur energy storage battery systems have a promising application prospect in grid-scale energy storage in the future, and are expected to reduce the cost of energy storage to US$100/ Less than kWh. (Reporter Jiang Jing)

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