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Fuel pump assembly of the common fault analysis
The technical status of the fuel system has a direct impact on the starting performance, dynamic performance and economic performance of the diesel engine. High-pressure pump assembly if there is failure, diesel engine will result in the corresponding failure phenomenon. The injection pump assembly is now a common failure analysis is as follows: 1 injection pump plunger card issuance reasons Single-gear rack and pinion injection pump used in 175,180,1105, X195 and other diesel engines, this pump than the monomer â… pump series Fuel injection pump is complicated to install, easy to produce the phenomenon of plunger jamming, the reasons for this phenomenon are: (1) positioning screw length, screw the plunger sleeve tight crooked, so that the plunger stuck astringent. A copper washer may be padded under the screw so that the tail of the screw is stuck in the crescent-shaped groove of the oil return hole of the plunger sleeve so that the plunger sleeve can move up and down without turning left and right. (2) The plunger sleeve on the pump body bearing surface is uneven, the plunger sleeve is squeezed out by the valve seat, then skew and pump body is not the same heart, at the same time due to uneven force on the plunger sleeve, so that the plunger Deformation, causing the plunger stuck. Milling plane can be flat, padded steel washers, restore the original height. (3) rack in the groove is not flexible, mostly due to tooth rack and other parts of bumps, or gear and gear teeth, to find out the specific parts, with a small file repair. (4) When replacing the pump gear, check the height of the shoulder on the gear by placing the gear in the pump body, which should be lower than the shoulder in the pump body. In this way, the plunger spring can be pressed against the shoulder in the pump body without being pressed against the gear shoulder. If the gear shoulder is pressed, gears, rack bar will rotate ineffective, the plunger also will not work well. Use a rasp to lower the gear shoulder file. 2 throttle lever movement resistance is too large, resulting in inefficient fuel control, diesel engine speed easily out of control or instability The reasons for the failure are: the plunger in the plunger sleeve card; assembly set screw top too tight, so that the plunger Deformation of the sleeve deformation; fuel is not clean, so that the plunger stuck; tie rod (or gear rod) and the sleeve with the gap is too small; tie rod bending deformation, bearing end wear; output valve compression screw installation torque is too large, Piston sleeve deformation; plunger adjusting arm and fork between the ring gear and rack movement card; plunger adjusting arm and plunger spring seat pressure without active clearance, or with the rolling body phase compression. Throttle rod movement is not flexible is a common fault, sometimes a single cause, sometimes caused by multiple reasons, to be carefully checked when troubleshooting. 3 uneven supply of fuel, instability The reasons for the failure are: the air circuit; insufficient supply of oil pump pressure (check the oil pump inlet and outlet valves and filters, pressure regulating valve); multi-cylinder fuel pump Plunger coupling, the valve out of the same group of oil, the sealing is inconsistent; poor quality of the plunger coupling, especially acute angle and chute part of the edge does not meet the technical conditions, so that not only affects the plunger Fuel supply uniformity and stability, but also on the beginning of fuel supply and stop the crispness of fuel supply have a significant impact; the tapered surface of the oil valve wear and tear, so that the sealing performance is poor; oil control agencies associated with the gap is too large , Or each cylinder piston oil control mechanism with the gap between the difference between each other too large; pump oil transmission parts movement jamming phenomenon. For multi-cylinder injection pump, it is particularly emphasized that, even with the same group number of the couple, the plunger pair and the valve must be sealed. If you use not the same number of the couple, the fuel supply characteristics of each cylinder will be inconsistent, it can not guarantee that the oil supply position should be the same degree of uniformity. In the repair, repair or replacement by grinding, must not be used with the old and new. To change must be replaced by the same group. If you do not know whether it is the same group, only through the oil characteristics of the test identified. 4 oil lever work jitter is too large, so that fuel supply is unstable, the engine speed is unstable, showing the bumpy phenomenon of the phenomenon of this fault is: governor transmission buffer damage, Or improper assembly tightness; tie rod and plunger adjusting arm, or gear and adjusting gear ring meshing gap is too large (too easy to produce jam); camshaft bearing bearing clearance is too large; Serious or quality mismatch, or speed dial discard pits, or governor transmission end-face beating too much. The above situation affects the degree of jerkiness of the throttle lever to varying degrees. Approach is: replace the substandard parts, strict control of assembly accuracy, so that the amount of jitter within the minimum. Jitter large, not only affects the stability of the working speed of the diesel engine, but also accelerate the wear and tear of related parts. 5 speed does not meet the requirements, such as stopping for too high speed, or can not stop the fuel The reasons for the failure are: severe wear plunger couple (if not adjusted to meet the requirements of the oil, the plunger should be replaced Even if the gap between the oil control mechanism is too large, especially the cumulative total gap formed by the multiple cooperating gap of the linkage mechanism is too large, the oil quantity control is not good and the reaction lags behind, resulting in the rotation speed not meeting the requirements; Movement resistance is too large, but also contributed to the ineffective fuel control failure of one of the reasons, the speed control has a significant impact; fuel lever (or throttle lever) stroke is not enough, or improper adjustment, reflecting the speed and tie rod travel changes Do not match; high-speed stop feeding speed is too high, or stop oil simply, to stop the oil speed, there is still more fuel supply, reflected in the maximum idle speed diesel engine is bound to exceed the maximum speed limit requirements; high-speed function Improper speed adjustment, so stop feeding speed is too high. Under normal circumstances, where the larger even parts have been worn, the control mechanism transmission parts with the gap is too large, should be replaced with new parts and repair. Rely on adjustment can not fundamentally solve the problem. Such as the plunger has been severely worn, the nominal fuel quantity alignment, rod (rack) should be stopped to move to the position, still can not stop supply, this time can increase the rod stroke to stop, but the trip must not cut Increase too large, otherwise it will make the speed - oil rod deterioration, adversely affecting the load characteristics of the diesel engine. If the original rod stroke is not enough, it is possible to increase the stroke to change the amount of oil. If the itinerary has reached the upper limit of the prescribed range, it is generally not appropriate to adjust and increase it. If the rod stroke is enough, but its location is not suitable, generally by changing the lower fork and the relative position between the manipulator arm axis, or appropriate changes to the internal spring washers approach (referred to as the PB governor). Speed ​​?? stiffness of the spring speed control more influential. By adjusting the shim can only change its assembly length (that is, adjust the assembly clearance or pre-tightening), adjust the equilibrium point of a certain force, and can not change its own stiffness. Therefore, if the governor spring stiffness is greater than or less than the allowable value of the range, they should switch to qualified springs. By adding and subtracting gasket adjustment may not be able to achieve satisfactory results.