Flange Bolt,Din6921 Hex Flange Bolt,Flanged Metric Bolts,12 Point Flange Bolt Suzhou Guangxuan Fasteners Co.,Ltd. , https://www.beinuofastener.com ——Jiang Xiaole, general manager of Zhengzhou Xinya Composite Superhard Materials Co., Ltd. 1. The meaning of subdivision and the terminology of change economics. The division of society is divided into various industries, especially economics, and is divided into first-industry agriculture. The secondary industry industry, the tertiary industry service industry, etc., after the large-scale division of labor, can not meet the needs of social management, so subdivided, the industry has manufacturing, energy, business is divided into domestic trade, foreign trade, but not enough Therefore, with the needs of social development, new industries continue to join the social and economic life, the social division of labor is more and more, more and more detailed, the industry's continuous differentiation, is the industry segmentation. The so-called subdivision is also relatively and constantly changing. With the passage of time and the advancement of science and technology, as well as the progress of human social activities, the sub-sectors are more and more divided and finer. As shown in Figure 1, the chain of large industries and many sub-sectors related to superhard materials.
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Figure 1 In this picture, Xinya Company only touches a small tip, and the oil and gas is opened with diamond composite sheets. Starting with superhard materials, there are many sub-segments in the industry. This figure has not been fully described. Sawing and grinding tools (including grinding and polishing) are the most important applications for superhard materials, accounting for more than 85% of the total amount of superhard materials. Among them, diamond single crystal and cubic boron nitride single crystal can be subdivided into many special grades for specific application objects. A typical example, in addition to the general-purpose single crystal, the diamond single crystal for the grinding wheel has appeared in the diamond powder for the microcrystalline resin wheel in recent years. The variety looks like the strength is not high, the color is black, but it is used in the resin. On the diamond grinding wheel, it has unique performance, small grinding force, high efficiency, and good surface quality of the workpiece being machined. There are several companies in China that specialize in producing such "black diamonds". Although the output is not large, the economic benefits are significantly better than ordinary diamond single crystals. After nearly 50 years of development, the super-hard materials industry has gradually become a relatively mature industry. After unremitting efforts, China's super-hard people have developed a unique six-sided top press to the current technical level, making China's superhard. The materials industry has become a new industry with distinctive characteristics. In particular, the rapid development of the past decade or so has led to the emergence of large companies represented by Central South and the Yellow River, as well as numerous small and medium-sized manufacturers. With the advancement of technology, the application fields of products continue to expand, the industrial chain of super-hard materials continues to expand, the new extension represents a new development opportunity, and most of them have high technical barriers, which also means higher added value. The leading enterprises in the industry, especially the public companies that have been listed, have sufficient resources to develop into sub-sectors. With the refinancing of the capital market, the company's tentacles have extended from single crystal to polycrystalline product lines, such as diamond micropowder, large diameter diamond composite sheets for cutting, diamond composite sheets for geological drilling, diamond composite sheets for oil and gas drilling, diamonds. And cubic boron nitride cutting tools, etc., will form a relatively complete industrial chain of superhard materials in the future. Zhongnan Company also expanded on roughly the same segmentation products, highlighting the momentum of its leading hegemon. 2. Resource allocation of enterprises 2.1 Resource advantages of large enterprises As mentioned above, the leading enterprises in the industry are involved in a number of sub-products with high technology content, broad prospects and good economic returns, expanding to the middle and lower reaches. This involves the rational allocation of many resources. Figure 2 illustrates the resource requirements for several major aspects: .jpg)
Figure 2 Large enterprises, especially listed companies, have the advantage of multiple resources, and small and medium-sized enterprises are daunting, and must take a different approach and get out of the development path that suits their own characteristics. 2.2 Technology-based SMEs SMEs are enterprises with innovation as their mission and means of survival. They are in a complete market competition environment and rely on their own technological innovation to continuously launch high-tech products. Market-oriented, technological innovation is a killer, specializing in a certain segment. Such enterprises generally do not have strong financial support, no huge technical team, only limited technology and management talents, but in this technology field, they hold the latest technology, and have scientific and technological achievements, technologies and products with independent intellectual property rights. Well-developed is in the ranks of the industry leader. Due to its limited resources, it is impossible to take all the upstream and downstream as the big companies in the industry, involving multiple fields in the industrial chain, and can only touch a certain sub-product of a certain or similar. Take Xinya Company as an example. In the first ten years of the company's establishment, it involved multiple products of superhard materials. From polycrystalline products (including diamond polycrystalline and cubic boron nitride polycrystals) to their downstream products, such as diamond compacts for cutting tools, cubic boron nitride composites, silicon-based diamond polycrystals, monolithic cubic boron nitride Polycrystalline, diamond cutters, cubic boron nitride cutters, diamond composites for geomineral coalfields, diamond grinding wheels, plus products still in production: diamond composite sheets for oil and gas drilling, diamond wire drawing blanks, etc. . All the products add up to a total sales of only 20 million yuan a year, the sales of individual products are only 4 million to 5 million yuan, and the few are only a few hundred thousand yuan, basically no obvious competitive advantage. Due to the small size of the company, with the exception of the registered capital of 4 million yuan, there is no new capital investment, and limited technical personnel have no time to consider the technological innovation and upgrading of multiple products. Hardware resources can't keep up, and there are so many porridges. The product lines compete for production plants, compete for liquidity, and compete for R&D personnel. As a result, which products can't meet the software and hardware requirements, and can't be bigger and stronger. At present, most of the product lines involved in the new Asian company have been greatly developed, but it is not a large industrial enterprise such as Zhongnan and Yellow River, but a specialized company like Xinya. Such as Fu Nike's cubic boron nitride polycrystalline and cubic boron nitride cutters, Zhengzhou Diamond's superhard material cutter products, Henan Yalong's geological coalfield drilling diamond composites, etc., each obtained in its sub-sector Good performance. Based on its own actual conditions, Xinya Company cuts product lines item by item, and concentrates limited capital, site and R&D strength on the two major categories of diamond composite sheets and drawing die blanks. It has cut 8 of the above 10 products, and finally only retained 2 products of diamond and diamond drilling and petroleum wire drawing blanks. The company's resources can be centrally allocated, specializing in oil and high-grade diamond composite sheets. 3 , focus and specialization 3.1 focus on polycrystalline diamond products From the perspective of optimizing the company's resource allocation, the company first abolished the diamond grinding wheel project, the product was originally provided for the company's production, hope that the fertilizer and water will not flow outside the field, saving outsourcing costs. The production of polycrystalline products consumes a large number of diamond grinding wheels, so they recruit and buy their own stoves. However, in actual operation, a large amount of internal friction is generated, and the production department and the use department of the grinding wheel often blame each other for inefficiency, and various costs are not low. After the grinding wheel department is removed, the required grinding wheel is provided by a specialized diamond grinding wheel company with good quality, high efficiency and good service. In particular, it is preferred to introduce a number of suppliers, introduce a competitive mechanism, correspondingly reduce the company's capital occupation, save production costs, and improve the company's economic efficiency. After a period of adjustment, the company focused on the diamond composite sheet. At this time, the low-grade diamond composite sheet for drilling in the coal mine field and the medium-to-high-end diamond composite sheet for oil and gas drilling are all good. The coalfield composite sheet competes. There are not many manufacturers, and the production process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the cost is low, and although the price is not as good as the petroleum composite sheet, the profit rate is not low. The sales of diamond composite sheets for once-low-grade coal mine drilling accounted for about 30% of the company's total sales. However, with the formation of the market competition pattern, more and more manufacturers have joined the composite film industry. The first entry is the low-grade composite sheet for the coal mine. Due to the improved efficiency of state-owned large coal mines, the market for such low-end composite films has expanded rapidly. In addition, the technical threshold is low and there are many entrants. In order to increase market share, the price has been lowered, and even the consignment method has been adopted. The price of this composite film is extremely fast. The decline, from the beginning of 40-50 yuan / piece, quickly dropped to 20-25 yuan, and now it has dropped to about 16 yuan, is already a small profit product. 3.2 Diamond composite sheet specializing in oil and gas In general, diamond cemented carbide composite sheet belongs to a branch with high technical content in the superhard material industry. Among them, the composite sheet for drilling coalfield is a low-end product, which is relatively easy to intervene, but there are problems such as low-price competition in this segmented industry and serious customer defaults. Large-diameter composite sheets for cutting tools are mainly monopolized by foreign manufacturers. In the past two years, China's Central South, Yellow River and Sifangda have invested a lot of manpower and material resources on this product, and have made significant progress and can provide Φ40-Φ50 even to the market. The price of the Φ58 tool composite sheet is much lower than that of the imported products. Although there is still a gap between the product performance and the imported products, there is still a strong competitiveness in many areas where the requirements are not too high. The large blade has an innate application feature, even if the whole piece has some local defects, and does not affect the use of other parts of the large piece, because in most cases, the large blade of Φ40-Φ50 is cut into a plurality of small sizes. The cutter head is used, so some blade suppliers in China do not directly sell the whole wafer. Instead, they provide the cut small cutter head according to the user's requirements, thus avoiding the degradation treatment caused by the partial defect of the large blade. Economic losses. The technical requirements for diamond composite sheets for oil and gas drilling are much harsher. The entire composite sheet does not allow any visible and invisible defects in the area, such as: micro cracks, small internal voids, internal local delamination, etc. Product performance is highly consistent. The customer's requirements for the stability and consistency of product performance are close to harsh and demanding claims. Many domestic manufacturers of coal-field coal composites have initially tested the oil and gas drilling industry, and most of them have returned to this market. Xinya Company has been involved in the oil and gas drilling field in China for the first time. It has been working for 20 years and has started almost at the same time with China's composite drill bit. It has nearly 20 years of cooperation with many diamond drill bits and has rich research and development of high-grade diamond composite sheets. Experience, including many negative lessons, and high costs, these successes and setbacks are valuable treasures of New Asia. The composite sheet for geo-mineral coalfield and the composite sheet for cutting tools, the domestic manufacturers have quite the same start-up time, and their respective research and development levels are not much different. Each family has different resources and each has its own advantages. Xinya Company has no obvious advantages in these two products. All of us decided to drop these two products and concentrate all resources on high-grade diamond composite sheets used in the petroleum industry. The strategic direction has been set, and after several years of hard work, finally achieved more than expected special effects. 3.3 The core technology is the forerunner, and the technology investment is increased. The diamond composite sheet for oil and gas drilling is a typical high-tech product that keeps pace with the times. It does not see any obvious changes from the appearance of the product, but its intrinsic performance is rapidly changing. Mainly due to the great changes in its application conditions. According to the statistics of the world's drilling industry using more than 500 million US dollars in 2007, nearly 30,000 composite oil drill bits (excluding China) were produced, and nearly 5 million composite pieces were consumed. The oil and natural gas produced by the composite drill bit was completed. The drilling workload is 70%. However, the composite sheets produced in the past are only suitable for drilling soft-medium-hard layers above 3000m. Their strength and anti-wear ability can not meet the requirements of medium-hard and above formations, well-grinding formations, heterogeneous fractured formations, oil and The development of natural gas drilling industry has put forward higher and higher requirements for the quality of composite sheets and the design, manufacture and use of composite drill bits. The drilling field of composite drill bits has been from 0-3000m soft and medium hard formation to 3000-6000m deep. Hard formations, strong abrasive formations and strata with hard interlayers are expanded to explore and exploit oil and natural gas stored deep in the formation. The performance requirements of the previous diamond compacts have been unable to meet the ever-changing needs of oil and gas wells. The depth of the wells is getting deeper and deeper, the density of the ground compact is getting higher and higher, and the working temperature of the drill bit is getting higher and higher at the bottom of the well. This means that the diamond composite sheet that bears the main load of the drilling work should have higher wear resistance and impact resistance. These two performance requirements are a contradiction that is difficult to reconcile for the brittle material such as synthetic diamond. However, our task is to improve the two main performances of each other's contradictions through various technical means, or at least greatly improve the performance without significantly reducing a certain performance. In order to achieve the above objectives, it is necessary to concentrate more resources on the core technology of the composite film, and repeatedly verify and use the most advanced testing methods to verify. In addition to solving the technical difficulties that need to be solved in the current application, it must be sufficiently forward-looking to plan new market demand in the next few years and conduct advanced research and development. With the increasing technical content of products, the difficulty of research and development is getting bigger and bigger, and the development cycle is getting longer. A few years ago, a new product could be commercialized in about 1 year to 1.5 years, and economic benefits will soon be realized. Now it takes 2-3 years to be introduced to the market on a large scale. The R&D institution needs 1.5-2 years for the preliminary test, and the pilot test takes half a year to one year to solve the problems of cost control and quality stability in mass production. Customer oil well testing and improvement will take about half a year. The long-term development cycle of new products requires enterprises to have strong R&D investment capacity. The annual R&D investment of Xinya Company in the past two years has reached 12 million and 16 million yuan. High-intensity R&D investment in a single product enables companies to launch new products frequently to meet the ever-changing new demands of customers, firmly occupying the position of the vanguard in this field, and always grasp the initiative and even pricing power of market competition. The following are the different performance diamond composite grades of Xinya Company in the past, present and upcoming: RTC → MC → RN C → HW 3 → TS24 ; R H → Dragon launched the current main force in the past year and began to test the next generation for the next 2-3 years The main varieties 4 , the market's plasticity and anti-risk 4.1 Segmentation of the market itself The segmentation industry has just emerged, the market capacity will not be very large, and some products have not been effectively amplified after several years of development, and they are always maintained. Smaller market capacity. Some market segments are rapidly evolving with technological advancement and downstream markets, which requires business operators to be eye-catching. If the company is in a sub-sector that has been proven to have limited market potential, at least, the time cost is a difficult one for a company. Combining the characteristics of Xinya, we focus on the application of the oil and gas industry, and abandon the large-size composite sheet for cutting tools and the low-end composite sheet of the mining and coalfield industry, which is to maximize the strengths of the company. Take a high-tech, high-value-added strategy instead of scaling up the cost. As new products we develop continue to be accepted by the market, new application areas are being developed and market capacity is expanding. The application of diamond composite sheets in oil and gas drilling is constantly expanding the territory. The proportion of diamond drill bits in the total drilling scale of all oil and gas wells has increased from 5%-30%-50% of the original -70-75% now. The market capacity of high-end diamond composite sheets has been expanding year by year. The consumption of such composite sheets for oil and gas drilling in the country has also increased from 200,000 pieces/year at the end of the last century to about 100-1.2 million pieces/year. These growths are mainly due to Xinya. The company's domestic suppliers provide inexpensive diamond composite sheets and replace large quantities of imported composite sheets. The technological advancement of Xinya Company has promoted the expansion of market capacity, while at the same time grasping market opportunities and contributing to its rapid development. For the same reason, the market capacity of large-size composite sheets for composite sheets and cutting tools for geo-mineral coal fields is also rapidly expanding. Especially in the former, the market capacity has expanded rapidly with the improvement of the self-efficiency of the coal mining enterprises and the decline in the production cost of the composite sheet manufacturers. The latter relies mainly on domestic cost advantages to replace imported products. With the maturity of Φ50-Φ58 large-size composite sheet technology, the market space generated by this substitution will be large. If China's large-size composite sheet is reversed abroad Output, more imaginative space. 4.2 Complementing internal and external markets to resist risks Large enterprises operate across industries. Leading companies in the industry operate in multiple sub-sectors in order to expand their business scope, increase sales revenue, and at the same time resist risks. And the anti-risk design of specialized companies like Xinya, relying on a market risk alone, must take the route of the two domestic and foreign fronts to balance risks. After the financial crisis broke out in the second half of 2008, the international market plunged in 2009, and the oil price in the international market plummeted, directly hitting the investment enthusiasm of the oil drilling industry. The US market fell by more than 30%, and several major oil drill mills in the world cut production. Consumption of stocks, the demand for composite sheets has plummeted. The orders received by the company from abroad have dropped by 57% compared with the previous year. Even in this economic environment of Yan Jun, the domestic market has not experienced a major decline, and sales in Xinya have increased. The foreign and domestic markets have made up for each other, making annual sales only 21% lower than the previous year. This temporary downward adjustment did not change the long-term upward trend. In 2010 and 2011, it increased significantly for two consecutive years, with sales increasing by 63% and 60% respectively. Even in the case of a declining performance in 2009, the company has not changed its policy, insisting on high-end oil and gas composites, and has not restarted the coal mine composite project, although this product can be started at any time and will immediately bring sales. The increase in income compensated for the decline in the company's overall sales. Instead, we took advantage of the market's stagnation, strengthened the R&D and pilot test of new products, and stocked the next generation of products. After the economic recovery, it was very effective in 2010. 4.3 Product performance determines market share The market capacity of composite film is subject to many factors, international oil price, domestic energy policy, market performance and technical development of cemented carbide bit bits (direct competitors of diamond drill bits), the total market volume must be In this case, the share that each supplier can have depends on product performance and price/performance. For the high-end applications of oil and gas drills, the performance of diamond compacts plays a decisive role, the price is in a secondary position, and for some low-end applications, the price/performance ratio is the first. Product performance is always the most important no matter what the occasion. In general, there is an additional cost to improve the performance of the composite sheet, including direct material costs and amortization of indirect R&D investment. As a result, the price of high-performance composite sheets will certainly increase, depending on the degree of performance improvement and the level of expectations in the drilling market. Xinya Company firmly adheres to the road of high-end petroleum composite film. In recent years, it has continuously launched new products, meeting the requirements of the international large bit mill for the main cutting teeth, and the performance requirements of the deep-well and ultra-deep well drilling in the domestic market. As a result, the market share continues to increase, further increasing the visibility and promoting the expansion of sales. Conclusion Industry segmentation is an inevitable trend of socialized large-scale production. Every subdivision of the industry means the progress of human social activities and the expansion of human social civilization. For a certain sub-sector, it means science and technology. Breakthroughs and emerging markets with potential. Xinya Company is working hard in the sub-sector of diamond-based composite film for oil and gas. It is committed to technological innovation, strives to tap potential market, and strives to increase taxes for the country, create value for shareholders, and benefit the employees.
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